These are the skills that are tested on TCAP.  Skills are listed for each subject area.  Language Arts, Math, Science, and Social Studies.  This is not everything that is covered in 4th grade.  These are only the things that are specifically tested.  We are responsible for teaching a lot more!!!

Language Arts

4^th Grade

Oral Language/Decoding & Comprehension

--Recognize the sounds of language (alliteration, rhyme, and repetition)

--Identify different forms of text (poems, drama, fiction, and nonfiction)

--Recognize plot features of fairy tales, folk tales, fables, and myths.

--Use prefixes, suffixes, and root words as aids in determining meaning within context.

--Choose a logical word to complete an analogy using synonyms & antonyms.

--Determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and multiple meaning words using context clues, dictionaries, and glossaries.

--Select appropriate synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms within context.

--Make predictions about the text.

--Recognize and use grade appropriate vocabulary within text.

--Select questions to clarify thinking.

--Identify the author’s purpose (to entertain, inform, persuade, and share feelings)

--Recognize cause and effect relationships within context.

--Evaluate texts for elements of fact/opinion and reality/fantasy.

--Identify the most reliable sources of information for preparing a report.

--Determine appropriate inferences and draw conclusions from text

--Interpret information using a chart, map, or timeline

--Locate information to support opinions, predictions, and conclusions.

--Select sources from which to gather information on a given topic

--Use table of contents, title page, and glossary to locate information

--Use available text features (graphics, glossaries, and illustrations) to make meaning from text

--Use headings, graphics, and captions to make meaning from text.

--Determine the problem of a story and discover its solution

--Indicate the sequence of events in print (fiction and nonfiction) and in nonprint texts

--Identify character, plot, and setting in a passage

Writing

--Identify the audience for which a text is written

--Identify the purpose for writing (to entertain, inform, and share experiences)

--Complete a graphic organizer (listing, clustering, story maps, and webs) to group ideas for writing

--Choose a topic sentence for a paragraph

--Select details that support a topic sentence

--Choose the supporting sentence that best develops a topic sentence

--Select the best title for a text

--Rearrange sentences to form a sequential, coherent paragraph

--Rearrange events in sequential or chronological order in a writing selection

--Identify sentences irrelevant to a paragraph’s theme or flow

--Choose the supporting sentence that best fits the context and flow of ideas in a paragraph

--Select an appropriate concluding sentence for a well-developed paragraph

--Identify similes and metaphors

--Supply a missing piece of information in a simple outline

--Select appropriate time order or transitional words to enhance the flow of the writing sample

--Select the best way to correct incomplete sentences within context

--Select the best way to combine sentences to provide syntactic variety within context

Elements of Language

--Identify the correct use of nouns (singular, plural, common and proper, singular and plural possessives), verbs ( agreement, tenses, action, and linking), and adjectives (comparison forms and articles) within context

--Identify the correct usage of pronouns (subject, object, and agreement) and adverbs (comparison forms and negatives) within context.

--Recognize usage errors occurring within context (double negatives, troublesome word groups –too, to, two, there, their, they’re, its, it’s)

--Identify correctly used capital letters with names, dates, addresses, and the beginning of sentences within context

--Identify the correct usage of commas (series,dates, addresses, friendly letters, introductory words, and compound sentences) within context

--Choose the correct use of quotation marks and commas in direct quotations

--Choose the correct formation of plurals, contractions, and possessives within context

--Identify grade level compound words, contractions, and common abbreviations within context

--Identify correctly or incorrectly spelled words in context

--Identify sentences with correct subject-verb agreement (person and number)

--Identify declarative, interrogative, and exclamatory sentences by recognizing appropriate end marks

Math

Number and Operations

--Read and write numbers from hundred-thousands to hundredths

--Represent whole numbers to 9999

--Identify the place value of a given digit from hundred thousands to hundredths

--Compare and order whole numbers to 9999 using the appropriate symbols (<,>,=)

--Identify fractions as parts of whole units, parts of sets, as locations on number lines, and as divisions of whole numbers.

--Generate equivalent forms of whole numbers, commonly used fractions, and decimals

--Represent numbers as both improper fractions and mixed numbers

--Represent whole numbers up to 10,000 in expanded form

--Use estimation to select a reasonable solution to a whole number computation involving addition, subtraction, or multiplication

--Add and subtract fractions with like denominators

--Multiply efficiently and accurately with single digit whole numbers

--Add and subtract decimals (includes monetary units)

--Solve one step real world problems involving addition or subtraction of whole numbers and/or decimals

--Solve one stop real world problems involving multiplication of whole numbers and/or decimals

Algebra

--Extend numerical and geometric patterns

--Determine the function rule for data in a function table

--Apply basic function rules

--Solve open sentences involving addition and subtraction, multiplication and division

--Connect open sentences to real world situations

Geometry

--Identify two- or three-dimensional shapes given defining attributes

--Identify rays, points, and lines

--Recognize congruent geometric figures

--Identify lines of symmetry for two dimensional geometric figures

--Locate and specify points in quadrant 1 of a coordinate system

--Id the result of a transformation (flip or slide) that has been applied to a simple two dimensional geometric shape

Measurement

--Select appropriate standard units to measure length, perimeter, area, weight, capacity, volume, time, temperature, and angles

--Use estimation to determine if a length or volume measurement is reasonable

--Find the perimeter of rectangles

--Measure length to the nearest ¼ inch or nearest centimeter

--Tell time to the nearest minute

--Read temperature using Fahrenheit and Celsius thermometers

--Apply the formula for finding the area of a rectangle

--Solve real world problems involving addition and subtraction of measurements

--Solve real world problems involving elapsed time to the quarter hour

Data Analysis and Probability

--Interpret data displayed in bar graphs and pictographs

--Connect data in tables to pictographs, line graphs, and bar graphs

--Determine the median of a data set

--Determine the most likely, least likely, or equally likely outcomes in simple experiments

--Select all possible outcomes of a simple experiment (spinner, coin toss, number or color cube)

Science

--Identify the function of specific plant and animal parts

--Recognize the basic structure of plant and animal cells

--Identify  animal and plant cell structures and functions

--Select plants and animals found in a specific environment

--Recognize how plants and animals interact with each other in their environment

--Id ways that organisms affect their environment

--Compare how various animals obtain and use food for energy

--Match the edible parts of plants with particular plant structures

--Match the animal with their means of obtaining oxygen

--Distinguish the offspring from the parent

--Recognize the relationship between reproduction and survival of a species

--Select the illustration that depicts the life cycle of a specific organism

--Match a plant or animal adaptation to a particular environmental condition

--Compare and contrast groups of organisms according to their major features

--Match the form of structures found in living things to their function

--Match fossil evidence with organisms that are alive today

--Id animal and plant populations as thriving, threatened, endangered, or extinct

--Infer possible causes of extinction

--Determine the order of the planets according to their distance from the sun

--Recognize that the length and position of a shadow are related to the location of the sun

--Identify the phases of the moon in the correct sequence

--Id the could type associated with specific weather conditions

--Choose the appropriate instrument for measuring a given atmospheric condition

--Id the basic features of the water cycle

--Recognize specific geological features

--Determine how wind and water change the earth’s geological features

--ID the layers of the earth

--Choose the appropriate use for an earth material

--ID the basic characteristics of soil

--Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources

--Recognize the effects of gravity

--Select factors that have the greatest effect on the motion of an object

--Determine how speed affects distance traveled over time

--Recognize simple machines (inclined plane, lever, pulley)

--Select an object according to its observable physical properties

--ID states of matter

--Determine how various types of matter change state

--Choose features associated with physical changes

--ID characteristics of different types of mixtures

--Determine methods for separating mixtures

--ID different forms of energy

--Distinguish between the volume and pitch of sound

--Select a simple electrical circuit

--Recognize that various materials conduct heat

Social Studies

--Analyze the impact of European exploration and colonization on the economy of Tenn.

--Interpret a chart of major agricultural produce in TN (cotton, tobacco, soy beans, rice, corn, cattle, wheat, swine, and sheep)

--Recognize the difference between a barter system and a money system

--ID major industries of Colonial America using a map of the original thirteen colonies

--Recognize the concept of supply and demand

--Read and interpret a passage about a political or economic issue which individuals may respond to with contrasting views (state taxes, federal taxes, slavery, and Bill of Rights)

--ID and use key geographical features on maps (mtns., rivers, plains, valleys, and forests)

--ID on a map the routes of Americas’ explorers (Columbus, Balboa, Pizarro, and DeSoto)

--Use latitude and longitude to id major North American cities on a map (Boston, Mexico City, Toronto, Charleston, Savannah, Washington, DC, Philadelphia, Santa Fe, and Los Angeles)

--Recognize the reasons settlements are founded on major river systems (transportation, manmade boundaries, and food and water sources)

--Determine how physical processes shape the US features and patterns (erosion, volcanoes, plate tectonics, and flooding)

--Recognize river systems that impacted early American history (Mississippi, Mystic, Charles, and Hudson)

--Determine how density, distribution, and growth rate affected US settlement patterns

--ID cause and effect relationships between population distribution and environmental issues (water supply, air quality, and solid waste)

--Recognize how groups work cooperatively to accomplish goals and encourage change (American Revolution, founding of Tenn., the failure of the Articles of Confederation, and colonies)

--Examine how the Mayflower Compact is a symbol of the first US govt.

--Examine the events that contributed to the outbreak of the American Revolution (taxation, judicial process, lack of representation, and quartering of troops)

--using a chart showing checks and balances, explain how one branch of government can limit the power of others

--Identify the 3 branches of federal and state govt.

--ID the rights outlined by the Bill of Rights (Amendments 1, 5, 6,  & 8)

--Determine how various groups resolve conflict (schools, tribal councils, courts)

--Id pre-Colonial Native American groups (Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Aztec, Mayans, Olmec, and Mississippi Mound Builders)

--Examine how Native American culture changed as a result of contact with European cultures (decreased population, spread of disease, increased conflict, loss of territory, and increase of trade)

--ID Native American groups in TN before European exploration (Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw)

--Read and interpret facts from a historical passage about an early American-Spanish mission.

--Determine the reasons for colonial settlement (religious, economic, and individual freedom)

--ID cultural groups who inhabited North America in the 17^th century (Puritans, Quakers, Spanish, and French)

--Interpret a timeline that depicts slave and indentured servants coming from Europe to life in North America

--Determine why the US Constitution was necessary (no single currency, no judicial branch, no enforcement of laws, and small and large states having unequal representation)

--Determine the hardships faced by early TN settlers in the late 1700’s (security, isolated communities, lack of access to goods, natural geography)

--ID various racial and ethnic groups in TN at the founding of statehood (Cherokee, Creek, Shawnee, English, Scottish, French, and American born pioneers)

--Recognize the accomplishments John Sevier contributed to TN history (State of Franklin’s one and only governor, TN’s first governor, US congressman, and soldier)

--ID major TN political leaders (Andrew Jackson, Sam Houston, James Polk, Sequoyia, David  Crockett, and Nancy Ward)

--Analyze how the Louisiana Purchase influenced the growth of the United States (increased size, encouraged expansion, and increased natural resources)

--Determine the influence Lewis and Clark’s expedition had on westward expansion.

--Read and interpret a passage about the Trail of Tears

--Interpret a timeline that depicts major historical pre-Civil War events

--Determine how the issue of slavery caused political and economic tensions between govt. policy and people’s beliefs (abolitionists, plantation owners, state’s rights, and central govt.)